Traditionally, the test has two parts: the first is that the plaintiff displayed an expectation of privacy, and the second is that this expectation is reasonable.. Subscribe Today, For Alex Ray, altruisim is a common theme, The Outside Story: The carpenters arrive in spring, Calle Walton to be grand marshal of Future in Sights fundraising walk. As part of its border enforcement strategy, Border Patrol operates immigration checkpoints where Border Patrol agents screen vehicles to identify people of foreign nationality who are potentially removable and they may enforce U.S. criminal law, such as seizing illegal drugs and interdicting human smugglers. Finally, in the 1970s the conflict between the 4th Amendment and the Border Patrols congressional authorization reached the Supreme Court. "Cars were all slowed down to a near or complete. If you are not free to go, you are under arrest and have the right to remain silent. It is illegal for law enforcement officers to perform any stops, searches, detentions, or deportations based on your race, national origin, religion, sex, or ethnicity. A lot of drugs pass through the Border Patrol inspection station in Brooks County, where La Grulla is located; it, too, is refusing to take checkpoint cases. An official website of the United States government. Opinion: Why my Taiwanese American identity has become more complicated, Commentary: Opponents need to stop equating abortion with eugenics, Editorial: Polluters keep trying to block gas bans. Before a new checkpoint goes up in L.A. or San Francisco or New York, we should reconsider its power. (Recommendation 2), The Chief of Border Patrol should require checkpoints with license plate readers to document secondary inspections by using the Border Enforcement Secondary Tool as intended. In 1946, the Border Patrols authorization was revised: It could operate inside the United States, but only within a reasonable distance from any external boundary.. The stated primary purpose of these inspection stations is to deter illegal immigration and smuggling activities. Customs and Border Protection sets up another immigration checkpoint in N.H. See Air and Marine Operations Statisticsfor a breakdown of enforcement actions with non-CBP agencies. Experts question legality of I-93 customs checkpoints, Interstate 93 immigration checkpoint draws differing opinions, Support the I'm not gonna do the federal government's job. A judge ruled Friday that police dogs used to sniff out drugs at a border patrol checkpoint on Interstate 93 last summer amounted to a violation of the state Constitution. Hudspeth County is not alone. (2) C OMMISSIONER.The term "Commissioner" means the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection. CBP has a compelling obligation to eliminate illegal drug use from its workplace in order to eliminate the range of risks to national security, public health, and public safety that could be posed by individuals who use illegal drugs. This contentis intended to serve as general information; it is not legal advice nor intended as legal advice. Agents may send any vehicle to a secondary inspection area for the same purpose: brief questioning and visual inspection. U.S. Border Patrol arrests of criminal noncitizens are a subset of total apprehensions. If Border Patrol uses a drug-sniffing dog and falsely claims the dog has alerted to the presence of drugs or contraband in your vehicle, record as much information about the incident as possible and report it. In fact, cannabis entrepreneurs like. U.S. Border Patrol recently discovered over 20,000 fentanyl pills inside an abandoned backpack in Arizona, meaning it was being smuggled between the port of entry, something Democrats say almost . ", After federal grants used to help pay for housing offenders arrested on drug charges dried up, Sheriff Arvin West of Hudspeth County, Texas, stopped taking any more cases from the checkpoint. The United States alleges that, on March 24, 2023, Pantoja-Ramirez was stopped while in a vehicle at a Border Patrol checkpoint located between Yuma and Wellton, Arizona. var currentLocation = window.location; According to the lawsuit, Border Patrol agents used a drug-sniffing dog and ultimately recovered a small amount of cannabis. But that analysis wasnt used.. DHS works tirelessly to secure our borders through a combination of highly trained personnel, ground and aerial monitoring systems, and robust intelligence and information sharing networks. Dozens of false alerts by Border Patrol drug dogs resulting in searches and detentions of innocent travelers; Interfering with efforts by some community members to make video recordings of Border . Currency & Other Monetary Instrument Seizures, Title 8 Enforcement Actions and Title 42 Expulsions, CBP Enforcement Statistics Fiscal Year 2023, U.S. Border Patrol Criminal Noncitizen Statistics, Directive on Border Searches of Electronic Devices. During the same period, Border Patrol seized drugs in about 17,970 events at checkpoints. Border Patrol cannot search the interior of a vehicle without the owners consent or probable cause (a reasonable belief, based on the circumstances, that an immigration violation or crime has likely occurred). By, March 2023 Fund Drive Rules and Regulations, Persons with disabilities who need assistance accessing NHPR's FCC public files, please contact us at publicfile@nhpr.org. Videotaping or recording interactions with Border Patrol on private property, in vehicle stops, and at checkpoints, is not against the law. For instance, when a person is busted for 35 pounds of marijuana in downtown Sierra Blanca such as it is he faces a second-degree felony and prison time. Get stories like this in your inboxsign up for NHPR's Rundown newsletter today. Courtesy of U.S. Customs and Border Protection. They adapt to our inability to do our job.". The Border Patrol has not yet begun to deploy its authority on a widespread basis in major cities in the 100-mile border zone. hXko+&HbQpn:nCT[HmCeb7-Q8!5g8CY&sLZ\$e3#%KT2k. There are four general types of checkpoints you might encounter: DUI checkpoints, U.S. border checkpoints, drug checkpoints, and TSA checkpoints. If you are approached on the street or in a public place, you do not have to answer agents questions or provide identification. Border Patrol may stop vehicles at certain checkpoints to: (1) ask a few, limited questions to verify citizenship of the vehicles occupants and (2) visually inspect the exterior of a vehicle. He is stopped at a drug checkpoint near the Texas border. Nearly 44 pounds (20 kilograms) of methamphetamines seized from an SUV at a highway checkpoint in southeastern San Diego County in 2020. Ecuador's military will launch special-forces operations nationally in a bid to counter groups and individuals who commit terrorism in the country, Defense Minister Luis Lara said on Friday. The CBP Canine Program has the responsibility of training canine instructors, canine handlers, and canines to assist CBP in its mission. Federal agents used drug-sniffing dogs to alert them of suspicious vehicles, which would be diverted off the road and searched. He says they occupied two full-time deputies and one-fourth of the space in the county jail. Border Patrol has primary responsibility for securing the border between U.S. ports of entry. Back at the Hudspeth County Jail, it's not as exciting now that the tour buses are gone and there are no more famous mugshots. West says. Border Patrol cannot go onto private land more than 25 miles inland of the border without a warrant or consent. *POE totals may include multiple encounters of the same individual. Under the direction of the Office of Training and Development (OTD), the CBP Canine Program offers certified training based upon numerous federal and internationally recognized standards. 1 0 obj He is seeking financial damages, and an injunction to prevent Border Patrol agents from staging checkpoints that are aimed at drug arrests rather than immigration enforcement. It is illegal for law enforcement officers to perform any stops, searches, detentions, or deportations based on your race,national origin, religion, sex, or ethnicity. This is not what Congress envisioned when it established the Border Patrol in 1924. If you are detained, you have the right to remain silent and the right to speak to an attorney. Your support makes this news available to everyone. CBP maintains a breeding program to supplement the number of suitable dogs entering detection training for the CBP mission. More Than Two . The TSDS originated as the consolidated terrorist watchlist to house information on known or suspected terrorists (KSTs) but has evolved over the last decade to include additional individuals who represent a potential threat to the United States, including known affiliates of watchlisted individuals. USDA/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). A lock ( "Making sure your community is safe and prosecuting crime is not a profit-making business. DUI Checkpoints Additionally, Border Patrol developed a tool to collect information about outcomes of secondary inspections at checkpoints. GAO is making seven recommendations, including that Border Patrol take several actions to strengthen checkpoint oversight and data. The CBP Canine Program provides formal training for various local, state, and federal agencies. As of early June, the sign says, U.S . However, agents do need reasonable suspicion to hold a device for an extended period of time or do invasive searches of that device. In a unanimous decision, the justices said no, but they didnt rule out race as a criterion. Generally, the further you are from the border, the less likely it is that agents will have reasonable suspicion of an immigration violation to justify a stop. Naval Academy grad Todd Britton-Harr, who was caught at a Border Patrol checkpoint in south Texas in December 2010 . Why is Frank McCourt really pushing it? This report examines: (1) available data about Border Patrol checkpoint activity, (2) the extent Border Patrol collects reliable data about checkpoint activity, and (3) how Border Patrol oversees checkpoint operations, among other objectives. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, Supreme Court shields Border Patrol agents from lawsuits over excessive force, Guerrero: Unending deaths of migrants, driven by desperation and U.S. border policies, Border agents used unnecessary force against Haitian migrants, report finds, What was behind the protest against an archaeologist at last weeks L.A. Times Book Festival, Opinion: California wants more psychiatric detentions. By addressing these program management weaknesses, Border Patrol could ensure that CPMO is better positioned to fulfill its checkpoint oversight mission. And now agents are immune from prosecution for even flagrant violations of the constitutional rights of immigrants and citizens alike. Stay informed as we add new reports & testimonies. Race alone meets that standard. Officers at ports of entry may question people about their citizenship and what they are bringing into the country. But if that person gets caught with the same size load at the federal checkpoint, he walks unless there are aggravating circumstances, such as a weapon involved. The list they provided of other acceptable factors was so broad it in effect has allowed agents to stop almost any vehicle under any circumstances in the border zone. The conservative majority says federal agents cannot be sued for excessive force and unreasonable searches unless Congress authorizes such claims. When we confirm what actions the agency has taken in response to this recommendation, we will provide updated information. More than two dozen citizens were also charged with low-level . However, Border Patrol has not demonstrated a sustained commitment to ensuring that CPMO carries out its checkpoint oversight activities or held CPMO accountable for implementing these activities. Legislation has been introduced in the House to cut back the border zone to 25 miles from external boundaries. If Border Patrol uses a drug-sniffing dog and falsely claims the dog has alerted to the presence of drugs or contraband in your vehicle, record as much information about the incident as possible and report it. At a checkpoint, agents can stop every conveyance to question people about their immigration status and inspect the exterior of vehicles. Under federal regulations, Border Patrol agents are permitted to stage checkpoints within 100 miles of the international border, including the nautical border. The sheriff's critics say he is doing the same thing. The fact that West won't accept any checkpoint cases because he wants somebody to pay him for his prisoners rubs some people the wrong way. After the September 11 attacks in 2001, they took on the additional role of terrorism deterrence. Dog searched the car and found my sad, 1/2 smoked joint. A judge in New Hampshire says evidence obtained by drug-sniffing dogs during last summer's U.S. Customs and Border Protection checkpoints in Woodstock is not admissible in state courts. "The Border Patrol guys never would have found it if the dogs hadn't sniffed it out. The ACLU affiliates allege that the Border Patrols primary purpose for the checkpoints is general crime control and interdiction rather than the enforcement of immigration law. There's a Border Patrol inspection station in Brooks County, Texas, that catches lots of narcotics coming out of the Rio Grande Valley. How Palm Springs ran out Black and Latino families to build a fantasy for rich, white people, 17 SoCal hiking trails that are blooming with wildflowers (but probably not for long! U.S. Customs & Border Protection (CBP), which includes the U.S. Border Patrol, claims authority to conduct operations as far as 100 miles inland from the border. if (photocredit.indexOf(sellablestring) > -1) { At the time, there were so few Border Patrol agents, the agencys seemingly unconstitutional authority went unscrutinized for decades. 97 0 obj <>stream At the Border Patrol checkpoint 13 miles south of Falfurrias, Texas, a foreboding scorecard greets northbound motorists, warning travelers and smugglers alike. If you are stopped, detained, or harassed by Border Patrol, try to get the agent(s) name, number, and any other identifying information. "I had two little buds (of marijuana) wrapped up in my Dopp kit in my suitcase in the trunk of the car," recalls Austin writer and filmmaker Al Reinert, who was busted at the checkpoint two years ago. stream The chemical is often used by predators, authorities . +n6"A_a2Dr|+@O5@` g` ?7 /U The United States Border Patrol operates 71 traffic checkpoints, including 33 permanent traffic checkpoints, near the Mexico-United States border. Should not damage personal property during an inspection. The Border Patrol would not say how much marijuana illicit or state-certified has been seized at Southern California checkpoints in recent years. "Meaghn," a medical user from Oregon wrote about her experience at a checkpoint in Ehrenberg, Ariz., three miles from the California border. However, CBP prohibits videotaping or recording anything on government property at a port of entry. Our six-week newsletter will help you make the right decision for you and your property. 3 0 obj Will Glaspy, special agent in charge of the El Paso DEA, says if he decides to take a case, they have to send agents 85 miles to Sierra Blanca to pick up the suspects and the dope. Here's how it used to work: The Border Patrol would hold the suspect and the stash, the sheriff in the sleepy town of Sierra Blanca would send a deputy out to pick them up, then they'd be booked into the jail in Hudspeth County an area larger than Connecticut filled with greasewood, cactus, humpbacked mountains and only 5,000 people. If Border Patrol uses adrug-sniffing dog and falsely claims the dog has alerted to the presence ofdrugs or contraband in your vehicle, record as much information about the incident as possible and report it. The 57-year-old man was stopped in a vehicle at a Border Patrol checkpoint located between Yuma and Wellton on March 24. If you are detained or arrested by any law enforcement officials, you have the right to remain silent and the right to speak toan attorney. Most people think of the border as a distant line tracing the outside edge of the United States. var photocredit = photocredit.toUpperCase(); He says they occupied two full-time deputies and one-fourth of the space in the county jail. A car filled with bales of marijuana is seen at a police station in La Grulla, Texas, in 2013. Concord Monitor. Rulings on how this applies to search dogs and cars have varied across the country, Nizetic said, but in New Hampshire, the Supreme Court decided that police do not need to obtain a warrant to enter an automobile when the vehicle has been lawfully stopped while in transit and the police have probable cause to believe that a plainly visible item in the vehicle is contraband, according to the Cora ruling. A recent Supreme Court decision, Egbert vs. Boule, underlined those powers. A U.S. Border Patrol agent checks a car on the Interstate 93 southbound lane on Sept. 28, south of Lincoln. Thousands of desperate migrants have died trying to cross the militarized U.S. border, but U.S. administrations refuse to change border strategies that drive these deaths. Give today. My wife and I had a shit load of stuff in our SUV. With that decision, the Supreme Court added to decades of precedents that have allowed the Border Patrol to barely abide by the Constitution, especially its 4th Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures. CBPs own policy requires that searches be conducted in a manner that is safe, secure, humane, dignified and professional.. If we cant get the evidence in, we cant prove there was contraband, he said, noting it would be up to the U.S. Department of Justice to decide whether the ruling should be appealed. Border Patrol is Investigating Itself Following Deaths, Report Reveals June 7, 2022. ", West is a stout, swaggering lawman who has a sign over his office door that reads "Boss Hog.". The man filed suit but the court ruled that even when the constitutional rights of an American citizen are violated by a federal agent, there is no right to sue if the violation occurred in the course of the agents official duties. Geoff Forester / Monitor file We've got nowhere else to go Concord family homeless once again after temporary apartment stay, Theres a new restaurant coming to Concord, with a familiar name and location, Concord Monitor Recent Obituaries: All of Concord Monitor's Recent Obituaries, Avian flu is here and is a danger to cats and dogs as well as poultry, Search for Loudon 16-year-old who died by suicide featured on North Woods Law. Border Patrol has staged multiple checkpoints in Woodstock in recent years, resulting in the detention of people on immigration charges as well as well as for drug possession. "Why did Willie and Fiona have to pay their fines and go through the court system and these other people not?" Hometown Hero: Charm Emiko and Project S.T.O.R.Y. Chris Cabrera, a Border Patrol union representative in the Rio Grande Valley, says traffickers caught with dozens of pounds of pot are routinely released, and they learn to exploit this loophole. In a legal sense, they are not all created equal. United States Border Patrol agents conducted an inspection that revealed a total of 16 packages hidden within the vehicle's tailgate and spare tire. endstream endobj startxref The ruling? First, the drugs. The details are below, but a quick summary of the law is as follows: (1) Officers can't lawfully run drug dogs around every vehicle stopped at a checkpoint. Border Patrol may board buses and trains to question individuals about their citizenship. 482, 507, 1461, 1496, 1499, 1581, 1582. A car filled with bales of marijuana is seen at a police station in La Grulla, Texas, in 2013. At the nations more than 300 ports of entry, CBP officers have a complex mission with broad law enforcement authorities tied to screening all foreign visitors, returning American citizens and imported cargo that enters the U.S. Agents should always be able to explain the reason for a stop to the driver. In fiscal year 2013, The New York Times reports, the checkpoints accounted for 14 percent of marijuana seized near the borders with Mexico and Canada but only 2 percent of unauthorized immigrants . tag_id.innerHTML = ''; x\oHn?Ja?I>"M}%E=)5M2DYU]_U3{?~!+n//n>_^ccy!_./XV,Ju+}^^>+rE=_m'?x~6))tYONU^>J~z8|7s55sfl~f0glm252/&L;ynxds\f9g|; 9,l3N_w@}qenfcM(>a.M])Ss/:#++'``*'\~c \=I}6">gf?/3# . That is not how the U.S. government sees it. Never provide fake documents or say you are a U.S. citizen if you are not. %3Ciframe%20width%3D%22560%22%20height%3D%22315%22%20src%3D%22https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fembed%2FocjNGWBUXqk%3Fautoplay%3D1%26version%3D3%26playsinline%3D1%22%20title%3D%22YouTube%20video%20player%22%20frameborder%3D%220%22%20allow%3D%22accelerometer%3B%20autoplay%3B%20clipboard-write%3B%20encrypted-media%3B%20gyroscope%3B%20picture-in-picture%22%20allowfullscreen%3D%22%22%3E%3C%2Fiframe%3E, Know Your Rights at Interior Border Checkpoints, National Crisis in Policing Awaits United Nations Delegation, Here's How New Mexico is Leading the Way for Voting Rights, Three Years Later, COVID-19 is Still a Threat to People Who Are Incarcerated. At Checkpoints But traffickers also have changed tactics. While police said the checkpoint was set up to catch people attempting to cross the border illegally, the majority of offenses resulting from the checkpoint were drug-related. But Nizetic said the judge did not address his argument that one of the cases the judge cited in his opinion is no longer relevant since the New Hampshire Supreme Court adopted a different standard in a more recent ruling in the 2017 case, State v. Cora. ]Vf7 D2Hu`@\i "r@$g=dv Cora would apply here, Nizetic said, because it raises the question of, If youre traveling down an interstate, public highway, do you have a reasonable expectation of privacy with the smell outside the car? he said. 75 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<13AE08394E5DA3429F992CA155BE287A>]/Index[9 89]/Info 8 0 R/Length 269/Prev 827687/Root 10 0 R/Size 98/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream (Recommendation 3), The Chief of Border Patrol should provide sustained oversight of CPMO and hold it accountable for implementing its checkpoint oversight activities. The. A U.S. Border Patrol agent checks a car on the Interstate 93 southbound lane on Sept. 28, south of Lincoln. Border Patrol may stop vehicles at certain checkpoints to: (1) ask a few, limited questions to verify citizenship of the vehicles occupants and (2) visually inspect the exterior of a vehicle. The ACLU has a very helpful guide to your rights when questioned at Border Patrol checkpoints, whether fixed or random. Our top priority is to keep terrorists and their weapons from entering the United States. Recidivism percentages are updated at the end of each fiscal year. Nevertheless, a second clause in the Border Patrols authorization did allow agents to extend their authority away from the border line. California cities shouldnt be deterred. Explore the Office of Trade's Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Seizures dashboard by Fiscal Year. This story is free, but journalism is expensive.
Actions to satisfy the intent of the recommendation have not been taken or are being planned.
, Executive Candidate Assessment and Development Program, The Chief of Border Patrol should ensure that sectors and the Checkpoint Program Management Office (CPMO) are overseeing that checkpoint activity data are consistently and accurately recorded. 1225, 1357 and 19 U.S.C. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. At the 113 interior Border Patrol checkpoints, what an agent sees in your back seat may get you pulled over for further investigation that could well end in a search most people consent when asked; they dont know they can refuse or that agents need probable cause to open their trunk otherwise. There are also Agriculture checkpoints through the southwest. Support NHPR's newsroombecome a member today! (4) O PERATIONAL CONTROL.The term "operational control" has the meaning given such term in section 2(b . If you are detained or arrested by any law enforcement officials, you have the right to remain silent and the right to speak to an attorney. If you are not free to go, you are under arrest and have the right to remain silent. After federal grants used to help pay for housing offenders arrested on drug charges dried up, Sheriff Arvin West of Hudspeth County, Texas, stopped taking any more cases from the checkpoint. ), At Willie Nelson 90, country, rock and rap stars pay tribute, but Willie and Trigger steal the show, Concertgoer lets out a loud full body orgasm while L.A. Phil plays Tchaikovskys 5th. Todd started as a news correspondent with NHPR in 2009. A judge ruled Friday that police dogs used to sniff out drugs at a border. RT @NoirPoetograpy: Did you know there is a US Border Patrol checkpoint in the westbound lane on Interstate 10 between Deming, TX, and Las Cruces, NM? The working CBP canine team has become the best tool available to detect and apprehend persons attempting entry to organize, incite, and carry out acts of terrorism. U.S. Border Patrol's immigration checkpoints operate 25 to 100 miles inland from the borders. If the border patrols desire was to detect immigrants stowing away in vehicles, that could have been accomplished with a visual inspection, Rappa wrote. The Sierra Blanca Border Patrol checkpoint was once the bane of pot smokers driving from Los Angeles to Texas. Even if Congress does not act, closing interior checkpoints and substantially shrinking the size of the border zone could be carried out by the secretary of the Department of Homeland Security within its existing congressional authorization. Green-suited federal agents and their uncanny drug dogs would make 20 to 30 busts a day. I've had several questions about the role of drug dogs at motor vehicle checkpoints. hide caption. Agents should not ask questions unrelated to verifying citizenship, nor can they hold you for an extended time without cause. 27 Apr 2023 04:56:19 Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. In the border zone that extends 100 miles into the U.S., agents can set up checkpoints and stop every passing car. "Granted, they lose their load, but they're able to make it up the next day or the day after and find a different route. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The ACLU argued that the evidence from the federal checkpoint cant be used in state prosecutions because the warrantless searches violated the state Constitution. Agent comes to the window and asked if we had weed. If you are stopped, detained, or harassed by Border Patrol, try to get the agent(s) name, number, and any other identifyinginformation. Four agents involved in the incident have been referred for possible discipline, but the results of that process have not been finalized. If you are not a U.S. citizen, signing certain documents may mean you are giving up your opportunity to try to stay in the U.S. Did you know one could face federal drug and smuggling charges for bringing legally purchased marijuana from a dispensary in Las Cruces to Deming? Customs and border patrol officers in Philadelphia seized gallons of a chemical known as "coma in a bottle," or liquid ecstasy, on Saturday. Secure .gov websites use HTTPS Reasonable suspicion is more than just a hunch.. The Border Patrol isnt stationed at ports of entry and airports, which are manned by Customs and Border Protections field operations officers. The Canine Program's secondary goal is detection and seizure of controlled substances and other contraband, often used to finance terrorist and/or criminal drug trafficking organizations. endobj Two years later, in United States vs. Brignoni-Ponce, the justices considered Border Patrol stops. John Burnett/NPR "The K-9 was searching vehicles four to five back from the front of the line, but when it got to me the dog and agent stayed with my vehicle and upon . endstream endobj 10 0 obj <>>>/Metadata 3 0 R/Pages 7 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 11 0 obj <>/Resources<>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 792.0 612.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 12 0 obj <>stream Official websites use .gov Border Drug Busts Putting Strain On Texas County's Budget, Sheriff To Texas Border Town: 'Arm Yourselves'. The checkpoint dispute is not about justice, it's about money. Explore Office of Field Operations (OFO) and U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) Drug Seizure Statistics by weight and count of events by Fiscal Year. Agents can obtain probable cause for a search if a drug-sniffing dog legitimately alerts to the presence of drugs. The CBP Canine Program is headquartered in El Paso, Texas and has two training delivery sites: Border Patrol Canine (BPK9) Academy in El Paso, Texas and Field Operations Canine (FOK9) Academy in Front Royal, Virginia. This was OK as long as he was getting federal criminal justice grants, but those have dried up. The deadline for fuel assistance applications is Sunday, but most state emergency funds are still unspent.Spaceballs Yogurt Costume,
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drug dogs at border patrol checkpoints